add( index, value ) can be used to add value to a specific array or list index using apex in Salesforce.
Sample code:
List < String > strList = new List < String >();
strList.add( 'Test 0' );
strList.add( 'Test 1' );
strList.add( 'Test 2' );
system.debug( 'Value in 1st block is ' + strList.get( 1 ) );//Test 1
strList.add( 1, 'Sample 1' );
system.debug( 'Value in 1st block is ' + strList.get( 1 ) );//Sample 1
Output: