Use state attribute to pass query parameters or URL parameters in lightning navigation.

Sample Code:

Apex Class:

public with sharing class AccountController {
 
    @AuraEnabled( cacheable = true )
    public static List< Account > fetchAccounts() {
        
        return [ SELECT Id, Name, Industry FROM Account LIMIT 10 ];
         
    }
     
}

Publishing LWC Component:

HTML:

<template>
     
    <lightning-card title = "Accounts" icon-name = "custom:custom63">
 
        <div class = "slds-m-around_medium">
 
            <template if:true = {accounts}>
                 
                <div style="height: 300px;">
 
                    <lightning-datatable key-field="Id"
                                         data={accounts}
                                         columns={columns}
                                         hide-checkbox-column="true"
                                         show-row-number-column="true"
                                         onrowaction={handleRowAction}>
                    </lightning-datatable>
 
                </div>                  
     
            </template>
     
            <template if:true = {error}>
 
                {error}>
                 
            </template>
 
        </div>
 
    </lightning-card>
 
</template>

JavaScript:

import { LightningElement, track, wire } from 'lwc';
import fetchAccounts from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.fetchAccounts';
import { NavigationMixin } from 'lightning/navigation';

const actions = [
    { label: 'View', name: 'view' },
    { label: 'Edit', name: 'edit' },
];
 
const columns = [   
    { label: 'Name', fieldName: 'Name' },
    { label: 'Industry', fieldName: 'Industry' },
    {
        type: 'action',
        typeAttributes: { rowActions: actions },
    },
];

export default class LightningDataTableLWC extends NavigationMixin( LightningElement ) {
     
    @track accounts;
    @track error;
    @track columns = columns;
 
    @wire(fetchAccounts)
    accountData( { error, data } ) {
        
        if ( data ) {

            this.accounts = data;
            this.error = undefined;

        } else if ( error ) {
           
            if ( Array.isArray( error.body ) )
                console.log( 'Error is ' + error.body.map( e => e.message ).join( ', ' ) );
            else if ( typeof error.body.message === 'string' )
                console.log( 'Error is ' + error.body.message );

        }

    }

    handleRowAction( event ) {

        const actionName = event.detail.action.name;
        const row = event.detail.row;
        switch ( actionName ) {
            case 'view':
                this[NavigationMixin.Navigate]({
                    type: 'standard__recordPage',
                    attributes: {
                        recordId: row.Id,
                        actionName: 'view'
                    },
                    state: {
                        c__sample: 'testing'
                    }
                });
                break;
            case 'edit':
                this[NavigationMixin.Navigate]({
                    type: 'standard__recordPage',
                    attributes: {
                        recordId: row.Id,
                        objectApiName: 'Account',
                        actionName: 'edit'
                    }
                });
                break;
            default:
        }

    }

}

meta.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<LightningComponentBundle xmlns="http://soap.sforce.com/2006/04/metadata">
    <apiVersion>49.0</apiVersion>
    <isExposed>true</isExposed>
    <targets>
        <target>lightning__Tab</target>
    </targets>
</LightningComponentBundle>

Subscribing LWC Component:

HTML:

<template>
    <lightning-card>
        Record Id is {recordId}
        <br/>
        Sample value is {strSample}
    </lightning-card>
</template>

JavaScript:

import { LightningElement, wire, api } from 'lwc';
import { CurrentPageReference } from 'lightning/navigation';

export default class SampleAccountLWC extends LightningElement {

    strSample;
    @api recordId;

    @wire(CurrentPageReference)
    currentPageReference;

    connectedCallback() {
       
        console.log( 'Param ' + this.currentPageReference.state.c__sample );
        this.strSample = this.currentPageReference.state.c__sample;
   
    }

}

meta.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<LightningComponentBundle xmlns="http://soap.sforce.com/2006/04/metadata">
    <apiVersion>50.0</apiVersion>
    <isExposed>true</isExposed>
    <targets>
        <target>lightning__RecordPage</target>
    </targets>
</LightningComponentBundle>

Output: