If you are using Finalizer in the Queueable job, this exception is thrown when the retry limit exceeds more than 5.

For Developer Edition and Trial organizations, the maximum stack depth for chained jobs is 5, which means that you can chain jobs four times and the maximum number of jobs in the chain is 5, including the initial parent queueable job.
https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.232.0.apexcode.meta/apexcode/apex_queueing_jobs.htm