Database.queryWithBinds() in Salesforce Apex allows us to dynamically pass bind variables values to a Salesforce SOQL Query string. Map < String, Object > datatype reduces the number of parameters declaration in the method.

Sample Code:

public static List < Contact > fetchContacts( 
    Map < String, Object > bindParams 
) {

    String queryString =
        'SELECT Id, Name, Email ' +
        'FROM Contact ' +
        'WHERE FirstName = :FirstName ' +
        'AND LastName = :LastName ' +
        'AND Email = :Email ';
    return Database.queryWithBinds(
        queryString,
        bindParams,
        AccessLevel.USER_MODE
    );

}

insert new Contact(
    FirstName = 'Test 1',
    LastName = 'Test 2',
    Email = '[email protected]'
);
Map < String, Object > contactBind = new Map < String, Object > {
    'FirstName' => 'Test 1',
    'LastName' => 'Test 2',
    'Email' => '[email protected]'
};
List < Contact > listContacts = 
    fetchContacts( contactBind );
System.debug(
    listContacts
);